Introduction
The National Defence Academy (NDA) Exam is a prestigious opportunity for young minds aspiring to serve the nation through the Indian Army, Navy, or Air Force. Conducted twice a year by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), this exam is a gateway to one of the most respected careers in the Indian Armed Forces.
This guide walks you through the NDA exam pattern, syllabus, and eligibility criteria, giving you a clear roadmap to start your preparation confidently starting with 12th science journey.
NDA Exam Pattern
The NDA selection process includes two main stages:
1. Written Examination
Conducted in an objective format, this stage consists of:
| Subject | Marks | No. of Questions | Duration |
| Mathematics | 300 | 120 | 2.5 hours |
| General Ability Test (GAT) | 600 | 150 | 2.5 hours |
| Total | 900 | 270 | 5 hours |
Mode: Offline (Pen & Paper)- Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
- Negative Marking: 1/3rd deduction for incorrect answers
2. SSB Interview
Candidates who qualify the written exam appear for the SSB Interview — a rigorous five-day assessment covering mental, physical, and leadership qualities.
| Stage | Tests | Marks |
| Stage 1 | Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR), Picture Perception & Discussion Test (PPDT) | – |
| Stage 2 | Psychological Tests, Group Activities, Interview & Conference | 900 |
| Total | 900 |
NDA Eligibility Criteria
1. Nationality
- Indian citizens or
- Subjects of Nepal/Bhutan or
- Tibetan refugees settled in India before Jan 1, 1962
2. Age Limit
- Minimum: 16.5 years
- Maximum: 19.5 years
- Only unmarried male and female candidates can apply.
3. Educational Qualification
| Wing | Qualification Required |
| Indian Army | 12th pass (any stream) |
| Indian Navy & Air Force | 12th pass with Physics & Mathematics |
Candidates appearing in their 12th exams are also eligible to apply.
4. Physical & Medical Standards
- Candidates must be physically and medically fit.
- Minimum Height:
- Army/Navy – 157 cm
- Air Force – 162.5 cm
- Army/Navy – 157 cm
- Vision defects, chronic illnesses, or disabilities can lead to disqualification.
Why is 12th Science Important for NDA?
Choosing the Science stream in 12th, especially with Physics and Mathematics, opens up full access to all three wings of the defence forces — Army, Navy, and Air Force.
- Mathematics and Physics form the core of the NDA written test, especially for Navy and Air Force aspirants.
- A science background builds a strong foundation for problem-solving, analytical thinking, and numerical reasoning — all essential for cracking the exam.
- Moreover, these subjects align well with technical and engineering roles in the Armed Forces, giving science students a broader edge in future career growth.
NDA Syllabus Breakdown
1. Mathematics (300 Marks)
- Algebra, Trigonometry, Calculus
- Matrices, Determinants, Probability
- Coordinate Geometry, Statistics
2. General Ability Test (600 Marks)
English (200 Marks):
- Grammar, Vocabulary, Comprehension, Sentence Usage
General Knowledge (400 Marks):
- Physics, Chemistry, Biology
- History, Polity, Geography
- Current Affairs & Defence Knowledge
How to Prepare Effectively for NDA
- Follow a Subject-wise Strategy
✔ Practice Maths daily for speed and accuracy
✔ Read newspapers & GK books for current events
✔ Strengthen English through reading & vocabulary drills - Mock Tests & Time Management
✔ Solve previous year papers
✔ Attempt full-length mock tests under timed conditions - SSB Interview Preparation
✔ Start physical training (running, push-ups, etc.)
✔ Work on communication & leadership for group tasks
Top Coaching Institutes for NDA Preparation
1. Suresh Dani Classes (SDC)
- Expert faculty for all subjects
- Specialized training for both written & SSB
- Regular mock tests and personalized mentoring
2. Major Kalshi Classes
- Known for SSB guidance and test series
3. Cavalier India
- Strong focus on personality development & SSB training
Conclusion
The NDA exam is more than just a test—it’s a stepping stone to an honorable life in service of the nation. With a clear understanding of the exam pattern, syllabus, and eligibility, and a science background to boost your preparation, you can take a confident step toward your dream.
Suresh Dani Classes offers aspirants structured coaching, expert mentorship, and the right tools to succeed in the NDA journey. With commitment, discipline, and the right strategy, success in NDA is absolutely within reach!
